| 40 | | typedef int Element; |
| 41 | | typedef ModularRandIter<int> RandIter; |
| 42 | | |
| 43 | | const bool balanced; |
| 44 | | |
| 45 | | |
| 46 | | Modular (int value) : modulus(value), balanced(false) { |
| 47 | | modulusinv = 1 / ((double) value); |
| 48 | | _two64 = (int) ((uint64) (-1) % (uint64) value); |
| 49 | | _two64 += 1; |
| 50 | | if (_two64 >= value) _two64 -= value; |
| 51 | | } |
| 52 | | |
| 53 | | Modular(const Modular<int>& mf) : modulus(mf.modulus),modulusinv(mf.modulusinv),_two64(mf._two64), balanced(false){} |
| 54 | | |
| 55 | | const Modular &operator=(const Modular<int> &F) { |
| 56 | | modulus = F.modulus; |
| 57 | | modulusinv = F.modulusinv; |
| 58 | | _two64 = F._two64; |
| 59 | | return *this; |
| 60 | | } |
| 61 | | |
| 62 | | |
| 63 | | FieldInt &cardinality (FieldInt &c) const{ |
| 64 | | return c = modulus; |
| 65 | | } |
| 66 | | |
| 67 | | FieldInt &characteristic (FieldInt &c) const { |
| 68 | | return c = modulus; |
| 69 | | } |
| 70 | | |
| 71 | | FieldInt &convert (FieldInt &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 72 | | return x = y; |
| 73 | | } |
| | 38 | typedef int Element; |
| | 39 | typedef ModularRandIter<int> RandIter; |
| | 40 | typedef NonzeroRandIter<Modular<int>,RandIter> NonZeroRandIter; |
| | 41 | |
| | 42 | const bool balanced; |
| | 43 | |
| | 44 | |
| | 45 | Modular (int value) : modulus(value), balanced(false) { |
| | 46 | modulusinv = 1 / ((double) value); |
| | 47 | _two64 = (int) ((uint64) (-1) % (uint64) value); |
| | 48 | _two64 += 1; |
| | 49 | if (_two64 >= value) _two64 -= value; |
| | 50 | } |
| | 51 | |
| | 52 | Modular(const Modular<int>& mf) : modulus(mf.modulus),modulusinv(mf.modulusinv),_two64(mf._two64), balanced(false){} |
| | 53 | |
| | 54 | const Modular &operator=(const Modular<int> &F) { |
| | 55 | modulus = F.modulus; |
| | 56 | modulusinv = F.modulusinv; |
| | 57 | _two64 = F._two64; |
| | 58 | return *this; |
| | 59 | } |
| | 60 | |
| | 61 | |
| | 62 | FieldInt &cardinality (FieldInt &c) const{ |
| | 63 | return c = modulus; |
| | 64 | } |
| | 65 | |
| | 66 | FieldInt &characteristic (FieldInt &c) const { |
| | 67 | return c = modulus; |
| | 68 | } |
| | 69 | |
| | 70 | FieldInt &convert (FieldInt &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 71 | return x = y; |
| | 72 | } |
| 86 | | std::ostream &write (std::ostream &os) const { |
| 87 | | return os << "int mod " << modulus; |
| | 85 | std::ostream &write (std::ostream &os) const { |
| | 86 | return os << "int mod " << modulus; |
| | 87 | } |
| | 88 | |
| | 89 | std::istream &read (std::istream &is) { |
| | 90 | is >> modulus; |
| | 91 | modulusinv = 1 /((double) modulus ); |
| | 92 | _two64 = (int) ((uint64) (-1) % (uint64) modulus); |
| | 93 | _two64 += 1; |
| | 94 | if (_two64 >= modulus) _two64 -= modulus; |
| | 95 | |
| | 96 | return is; |
| | 97 | } |
| | 98 | |
| | 99 | std::ostream &write (std::ostream &os, const Element &x) const { |
| | 100 | return os << x; |
| | 101 | } |
| | 102 | |
| | 103 | std::istream &read (std::istream &is, Element &x) const { |
| | 104 | FieldInt tmp; |
| | 105 | is >> tmp; |
| | 106 | init(x,tmp); |
| | 107 | return is; |
| | 108 | } |
| | 109 | |
| | 110 | |
| | 111 | template<class Element1> |
| | 112 | Element &init (Element & x, const Element1 &y) const { |
| | 113 | x = y % modulus; |
| | 114 | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| | 115 | return x; |
| | 116 | } |
| | 117 | |
| | 118 | Element &init (Element &x, const double &y) const { |
| | 119 | double z = fmod(y, (double)modulus); |
| | 120 | if (z < 0) z += (double)modulus; |
| | 121 | z += 0.5; |
| | 122 | return x = static_cast<long>(z); //rounds towards 0 |
| | 123 | } |
| | 124 | Element &init (Element &x, const float &y) const { |
| | 125 | float z = fmod(y, (float)modulus); |
| | 126 | if (z < 0) z += (float)modulus; |
| | 127 | z += 0.5; |
| | 128 | return x = static_cast<long>(z); //rounds towards 0 |
| | 129 | } |
| | 130 | |
| | 131 | Element &init (Element &x, const FieldInt &y) const { |
| | 132 | x = y % modulus; |
| | 133 | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| | 134 | return x; |
| | 135 | } |
| | 136 | |
| | 137 | inline Element& init(Element& x, int y =0) const { |
| | 138 | x = y % modulus; |
| | 139 | if ( x < 0 ) x += modulus; |
| | 140 | return x; |
| | 141 | } |
| | 142 | |
| | 143 | inline Element& init(Element& x, long y) const { |
| | 144 | x = y % modulus; |
| | 145 | if ( x < 0 ) x += modulus; |
| | 146 | return x; |
| | 147 | } |
| | 148 | |
| | 149 | inline Element& assign(Element& x, const Element& y) const { |
| | 150 | return x = y; |
| | 151 | } |
| | 152 | |
| | 153 | |
| | 154 | inline bool areEqual (const Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 155 | return x == y; |
| | 156 | } |
| | 157 | |
| | 158 | inline bool isZero (const Element &x) const { |
| | 159 | return x == 0; |
| | 160 | } |
| | 161 | |
| | 162 | inline bool isOne (const Element &x) const { |
| | 163 | return x == 1; |
| | 164 | } |
| | 165 | |
| | 166 | inline Element &add (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| | 167 | x = y + z; |
| | 168 | if ( x >= modulus ) x -= modulus; |
| | 169 | return x; |
| | 170 | } |
| | 171 | |
| | 172 | inline Element &sub (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| | 173 | x = y - z; |
| | 174 | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| | 175 | return x; |
| | 176 | } |
| | 177 | |
| | 178 | inline Element &mul (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| | 179 | int q; |
| | 180 | |
| | 181 | q = (int) ((((double) y)*((double) z)) * modulusinv); // q could be off by (+/-) 1 |
| | 182 | x = (int) (y*z - q*modulus); |
| | 183 | |
| | 184 | |
| | 185 | if (x >= modulus) |
| | 186 | x -= modulus; |
| | 187 | else if (x < 0) |
| | 188 | x += modulus; |
| | 189 | |
| | 190 | return x; |
| | 191 | } |
| | 192 | |
| | 193 | inline Element &div (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| | 194 | Element temp; |
| | 195 | inv (temp, z); |
| | 196 | return mul (x, y, temp); |
| | 197 | } |
| | 198 | |
| | 199 | inline Element &neg (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 200 | if(y == 0) return x=0; |
| | 201 | else return x = modulus-y; |
| | 202 | } |
| | 203 | |
| | 204 | inline Element &inv (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 205 | int d, t; |
| | 206 | XGCD(d, x, t, y, modulus); |
| | 207 | if (x < 0) |
| | 208 | x += modulus; |
| | 209 | return x; |
| | 210 | |
| | 211 | } |
| | 212 | |
| | 213 | inline Element &axpy (Element &r, |
| | 214 | const Element &a, |
| | 215 | const Element &x, |
| | 216 | const Element &y) const { |
| | 217 | int q; |
| | 218 | |
| | 219 | q = (int) (((((double) a) * ((double) x)) + (double)y) * modulusinv); // q could be off by (+/-) 1 |
| | 220 | r = (int) (a * x + y - q*modulus); |
| | 221 | |
| | 222 | |
| | 223 | if (r >= modulus) |
| | 224 | r -= modulus; |
| | 225 | else if (r < 0) |
| | 226 | r += modulus; |
| | 227 | |
| | 228 | return r; |
| | 229 | |
| | 230 | } |
| | 231 | |
| | 232 | inline Element &addin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 233 | x += y; |
| | 234 | if ( x >= modulus ) x -= modulus; |
| | 235 | return x; |
| | 236 | } |
| | 237 | |
| | 238 | inline Element &subin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 239 | x -= y; |
| | 240 | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| | 241 | return x; |
| | 242 | } |
| | 243 | |
| | 244 | inline Element &mulin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 245 | return mul(x,x,y); |
| | 246 | } |
| | 247 | |
| | 248 | inline Element &divin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| | 249 | return div(x,x,y); |
| | 250 | } |
| | 251 | |
| | 252 | inline Element &negin (Element &x) const { |
| | 253 | if (x == 0) return x; |
| | 254 | else return x = modulus - x; |
| | 255 | } |
| | 256 | |
| | 257 | inline Element &invin (Element &x) const { |
| | 258 | return inv (x, x); |
| | 259 | } |
| | 260 | |
| | 261 | inline Element &axpyin (Element &r, const Element &a, const Element &x) const { |
| | 262 | int q; |
| | 263 | |
| | 264 | q = (int) (((((double) a) * ((double) x)) + (double) r) * modulusinv); // q could be off by (+/-) 1 |
| | 265 | r = (int) (a * x + r - q*modulus); |
| | 266 | |
| | 267 | |
| | 268 | if (r >= modulus) |
| | 269 | r -= modulus; |
| | 270 | else if (r < 0) |
| | 271 | r += modulus; |
| | 272 | |
| | 273 | return r; |
| | 274 | } |
| | 275 | |
| | 276 | private: |
| | 277 | |
| | 278 | static void XGCD(int& d, int& s, int& t, int a, int b) { |
| | 279 | int u, v, u0, v0, u1, v1, u2, v2, q, r; |
| | 280 | |
| | 281 | int aneg = 0, bneg = 0; |
| | 282 | |
| | 283 | if (a < 0) { |
| | 284 | a = -a; |
| | 285 | aneg = 1; |
| 103 | | |
| 104 | | std::istream &read (std::istream &is, Element &x) const { |
| 105 | | FieldInt tmp; |
| 106 | | is >> tmp; |
| 107 | | init(x,tmp); |
| 108 | | return is; |
| 109 | | } |
| 110 | | |
| 111 | | |
| 112 | | template<class Element1> |
| 113 | | Element &init (Element & x, const Element1 &y) const { |
| 114 | | x = y % modulus; |
| 115 | | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| 116 | | return x; |
| 117 | | } |
| 118 | | |
| 119 | | Element &init (Element &x, const double &y) const { |
| 120 | | double z = fmod(y, (double)modulus); |
| 121 | | if (z < 0) z += (double)modulus; |
| 122 | | z += 0.5; |
| 123 | | return x = static_cast<long>(z); //rounds towards 0 |
| 124 | | } |
| 125 | | Element &init (Element &x, const float &y) const { |
| 126 | | float z = fmod(y, (float)modulus); |
| 127 | | if (z < 0) z += (float)modulus; |
| 128 | | z += 0.5; |
| 129 | | return x = static_cast<long>(z); //rounds towards 0 |
| 130 | | } |
| 131 | | |
| 132 | | Element &init (Element &x, const FieldInt &y) const { |
| 133 | | x = y % modulus; |
| 134 | | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| 135 | | return x; |
| 136 | | } |
| 137 | | |
| 138 | | inline Element& init(Element& x, int y =0) const { |
| 139 | | x = y % modulus; |
| 140 | | if ( x < 0 ) x += modulus; |
| 141 | | return x; |
| 142 | | } |
| 143 | | |
| 144 | | inline Element& init(Element& x, long y) const { |
| 145 | | x = y % modulus; |
| 146 | | if ( x < 0 ) x += modulus; |
| 147 | | return x; |
| 148 | | } |
| 149 | | |
| 150 | | inline Element& assign(Element& x, const Element& y) const { |
| 151 | | return x = y; |
| 152 | | } |
| 153 | | |
| 154 | | |
| 155 | | inline bool areEqual (const Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 156 | | return x == y; |
| 157 | | } |
| 158 | | |
| 159 | | inline bool isZero (const Element &x) const { |
| 160 | | return x == 0; |
| 161 | | } |
| 162 | | |
| 163 | | inline bool isOne (const Element &x) const { |
| 164 | | return x == 1; |
| 165 | | } |
| 166 | | |
| 167 | | inline Element &add (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| 168 | | x = y + z; |
| 169 | | if ( x >= modulus ) x -= modulus; |
| 170 | | return x; |
| 171 | | } |
| 172 | | |
| 173 | | inline Element &sub (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| 174 | | x = y - z; |
| 175 | | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| 176 | | return x; |
| 177 | | } |
| 178 | | |
| 179 | | inline Element &mul (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| 180 | | int q; |
| 181 | | |
| 182 | | q = (int) ((((double) y)*((double) z)) * modulusinv); // q could be off by (+/-) 1 |
| 183 | | x = (int) (y*z - q*modulus); |
| 184 | | |
| 185 | | |
| 186 | | if (x >= modulus) |
| 187 | | x -= modulus; |
| 188 | | else if (x < 0) |
| 189 | | x += modulus; |
| 190 | | |
| 191 | | return x; |
| 192 | | } |
| 193 | | |
| 194 | | inline Element &div (Element &x, const Element &y, const Element &z) const { |
| 195 | | Element temp; |
| 196 | | inv (temp, z); |
| 197 | | return mul (x, y, temp); |
| 198 | | } |
| 199 | | |
| 200 | | inline Element &neg (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 201 | | if(y == 0) return x=0; |
| 202 | | else return x = modulus-y; |
| 203 | | } |
| 204 | | |
| 205 | | inline Element &inv (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 206 | | int d, t; |
| 207 | | XGCD(d, x, t, y, modulus); |
| 208 | | if (x < 0) |
| 209 | | x += modulus; |
| 210 | | return x; |
| 211 | | |
| 212 | | } |
| 213 | | |
| 214 | | inline Element &axpy (Element &r, |
| 215 | | const Element &a, |
| 216 | | const Element &x, |
| 217 | | const Element &y) const { |
| 218 | | int q; |
| 219 | | |
| 220 | | q = (int) (((((double) a) * ((double) x)) + (double)y) * modulusinv); // q could be off by (+/-) 1 |
| 221 | | r = (int) (a * x + y - q*modulus); |
| 222 | | |
| 223 | | |
| 224 | | if (r >= modulus) |
| 225 | | r -= modulus; |
| 226 | | else if (r < 0) |
| 227 | | r += modulus; |
| 228 | | |
| 229 | | return r; |
| 230 | | |
| 231 | | } |
| 232 | | |
| 233 | | inline Element &addin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 234 | | x += y; |
| 235 | | if ( x >= modulus ) x -= modulus; |
| 236 | | return x; |
| 237 | | } |
| 238 | | |
| 239 | | inline Element &subin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 240 | | x -= y; |
| 241 | | if (x < 0) x += modulus; |
| 242 | | return x; |
| 243 | | } |
| 244 | | |
| 245 | | inline Element &mulin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 246 | | return mul(x,x,y); |
| 247 | | } |
| 248 | | |
| 249 | | inline Element &divin (Element &x, const Element &y) const { |
| 250 | | return div(x,x,y); |
| 251 | | } |
| 252 | | |
| 253 | | inline Element &negin (Element &x) const { |
| 254 | | if (x == 0) return x; |
| 255 | | else return x = modulus - x; |
| 256 | | } |
| 257 | | |
| 258 | | inline Element &invin (Element &x) const { |
| 259 | | return inv (x, x); |
| 260 | | } |
| 261 | | |
| 262 | | inline Element &axpyin (Element &r, const Element &a, const Element &x) const { |
| 263 | | int q; |
| 264 | | |
| 265 | | q = (int) (((((double) a) * ((double) x)) + (double) r) * modulusinv); // q could be off by (+/-) 1 |
| 266 | | r = (int) (a * x + r - q*modulus); |
| 267 | | |
| 268 | | |
| 269 | | if (r >= modulus) |
| 270 | | r -= modulus; |
| 271 | | else if (r < 0) |
| 272 | | r += modulus; |
| 273 | | |
| 274 | | return r; |
| 275 | | } |
| 276 | | |
| 277 | | private: |
| 278 | | |
| 279 | | static void XGCD(int& d, int& s, int& t, int a, int b) { |
| 280 | | int u, v, u0, v0, u1, v1, u2, v2, q, r; |
| 281 | | |
| 282 | | int aneg = 0, bneg = 0; |
| 283 | | |
| 284 | | if (a < 0) { |
| 285 | | a = -a; |
| 286 | | aneg = 1; |
| 287 | | } |
| 288 | | |
| 289 | | if (b < 0) { |
| 290 | | b = -b; |
| 291 | | bneg = 1; |
| 292 | | } |
| 293 | | |
| 294 | | u1 = 1; v1 = 0; |
| 295 | | u2 = 0; v2 = 1; |
| 296 | | u = a; v = b; |
| 297 | | |
| 298 | | while (v != 0) { |
| 299 | | q = u / v; |
| 300 | | r = u % v; |
| 301 | | u = v; |
| 302 | | v = r; |
| 303 | | u0 = u2; |
| 304 | | v0 = v2; |
| 305 | | u2 = u1 - q*u2; |
| 306 | | v2 = v1- q*v2; |
| 307 | | u1 = u0; |
| 308 | | v1 = v0; |
| 309 | | } |
| 310 | | |
| 311 | | if (aneg) |
| 312 | | u1 = -u1; |
| 313 | | |
| 314 | | if (bneg) |
| 315 | | v1 = -v1; |
| 316 | | |
| 317 | | d = u; |
| 318 | | s = u1; |
| 319 | | t = v1; |
| 320 | | } |
| 321 | | |
| 322 | | }; |
| | 309 | |
| | 310 | if (aneg) |
| | 311 | u1 = -u1; |
| | 312 | |
| | 313 | if (bneg) |
| | 314 | v1 = -v1; |
| | 315 | |
| | 316 | d = u; |
| | 317 | s = u1; |
| | 318 | t = v1; |
| | 319 | } |
| | 320 | |
| | 321 | }; |